The Computer-Aided Discovery of Scientific Knowledge

In this paper, we review AI research on computational discovery and its recent application to the discovery of new scientiic knowledge. We characterize ve historical stages of the scientiic discovery process , which we use as an organizational framework in describing applications. We also identify ve distinct steps during which developers or users can innuence the behavior of a computational discovery system. Rather than criticizing such intervention, as done in the past, we recommend it as the preferred approach to using discovery software. As evidence for the advantages of such human-computer cooperation, we report seven examples of novel, computer-aided discoveries that have appeared in the scientiic literature, along with the role that humans played in each case. We close by recommending that future systems provide more explicit support for human intervention in the discovery process.